Primitive and very ancient societies had no educational institutions. Children of that period learned what they needed to know by observing or watching going on. It took no school to teach a tribal boy how to hunt. A boy’s father would give him instruction in hunting and these lessons were the nearest thing to “educational institutions” that could be found in a simple society. Such institution was not an educational institution; it was simply a part of a man’s family duties.
Schools appeared when cultures became too complex for all needed learning to be handled easily within the family. Furthermore, developing religions often required that legends, rituals, and chants be learned and memorized. Family members and their neighbors are needed to learn these instructions. At this point of human history, full- time specialists as teachers and formal classes of students were prerequisite for the development of educational institutions to teach the boys of the families of a particular society In this way education arrived, argues the historians and social scientists.
The term education is derived from the Latin educare which literally means to ‘bring up’. The idea of education is not merely to impart knowledge to the students in some areas of study but to develop in him those habits and attitudes with which he may successfully face the future. According to Aristotle, the aim of education is ‘to develop man’s faculties, especially, his mind, so that he may be able to enjoy the contemplation of the supreme truth, goodness and beauty in which perfect happiness essentially consists.’
E.Durkheim, ‘education can be conceived as the socialization of the younger generation. It is a continuous effort to impose on the child ways of seeing, feeling and acting which he could not arrived at spontaneously.’
Means to impart the education in Nepal was Sanskrit in the past. Saint and sages, religious teachers, used to impart education as a moral lesson. These days education is featured with the ways to receive degree in order to get earning for survival. The Rana period provided the education with the opening of some schools to the limitation of its family members only and very few colleges were opened as a part of socio-political reform to avoid the possible revolt against Rana regime. Panchayat era was rather based on the modern education system with relatively mass enrollment in school and college. The post Jana Andolan I has been characterized by the mushrooming of colleges and schools in private sectors with a remarkable decline in illiteracy rate. Education in post 2046 period is being nurtured with advanced and modern education system providing large number of the younger population the modern education with the introduction of western values and needs to greater extension.
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